HITTING
Batting Ratings and Modifiers:
CH - Contact hitting. The ability of the player to make contact and 
get on base. The average for this rating is 50. The replacement 
level for position players is 35. For pitchers, the replacement 
level is 0.
PH - Power hitting. The ability of the player to hit for power. The 
average for this rating is 50. The replacement level for position 
players is 35. For pitchers, the replacement level is 12.
PL - Pull modifier. A measure of the tendency of a player to pull the 
ball. A rating of 50 would indicate that the player hits straight 
away. A rating below 50 indicates that the player hits to the 
opposite field and above 50 indicates the player tends to pull the 
ball. For right handed batters, the replacement level is 56, for 
left-handed batters it is 52, and for switch hitters it is 51.

GF - Groundball/flyball modifier. A measure of the player's tendency 
to hit the ball in the air or on the ground. A value above 50 
indicates a tendency for the player to hit more ground balls, below 
50 indicates a tendency to hit fly balls. The replacement value 
for all players is 56.
SP - Speed rating. A measure of how fast the player runs and derived 
mainly from the number of stolen base attempts per time at 1st base 
and the ratio of triples to all non-homerun extra base hits. The 
average level for this rating is 50. The replacement level is 35.

Batting Situational Modifiers:
vs LH - The ability of the player to hit well against left-handed 
pitchers. For right-handed batters, the replacement level is 52, 
for left-handers it is 48, and for switch hitters it is 51.
Home - The tendency for a player to hit better at home than on the 
road. The replacement level for this modifier is 52.
Scoring Pos, ScPos - A measure of the "clutch" ability of a player to 
hit when there are baserunners in scoring position (on 2nd and/or 
3rd). The replacement value is 51.

Close/Late, C&L - A measure of the "clutch" ability of a player to hit 
in Close & Late game situations. A Close & Late situation is 
defined by Stats, Inc. as a situation in which the game is in the 
7th inning or later and the team at bat is either leading by one 
run, tied, or has the potential tying run on base, at bat, or on 
deck. The replacement level for this modifier is 47.
Apr - A measure of a player's ability to hit in the month of April. 
The replacement level is 48.

May - A measure of a player's ability to hit in the month of May. The 
replacement level is 49.
Jun - A measure of a player's ability to hit in the month of June. 
The replacement level is 50.
Jul - A measure of a player's ability to hit in the month of July. 
The replacement level is 52.
Aug - A measure of a player's ability to hit in the month of August. 
The replacement level is 51.
Sep/Oct - A measure of a player's ability to hit in the months of 
September and October. The replacement level is 49.

FIELDING
AS - Arm strength. The measure of the player's arm strength for both 
fielding and pitching. For fielding purposes, the AS rating is used to 
determine the accuracy and strength of throws made by the player. For 
pitching, AS is used to determine the base velocity of the pitcher's 
fastball class pitches. Because of the lack of viable statistics to 
measure a player's arm strength, both in the field and on the mound, 
this rating is purely subjective and DataIn will assign the average 
value of 50 to all players.

Note: When position players are called on to pitch, their AS rating 
determines their fastball velocity, as with normal pitchers, however, 
since they are not proficient at pitching, their fastball velocity will 
be significantly less than that of a similarly rated pitcher.

FA - Fielding ability. Players are considered to have one primary 
position and any number of qualified positions with the remaining 
positions being classified as non-qualified. The rating for the primary 
position is calculated and then a percentage of that value is assigned 
to the other 8 positions. The percentage depends upon where the 
player's primary position is in the defensive spectrum and the secondary 
position in question. Until a player is qualified to play a specific 
fielding position, he will have an effective FA considerably less than 
the displayed FA for that position. Once the player is qualified, 
however, he will perform at the level indicated by his FA rating at that 
position.

The defensive spectrum, introduced by Bill James, arranges the defensive 
positions in the order of the ability required to play them. The 
spectrum reads, from left to right, 1B, LF, RF, 3B, CF, 2B and SS. A 
player would theoretically be able to perform the fielding duties of a 
position below his primary position with relatively little in the way of 
training, whereas the further up the spectrum, the more training time 
and raw ability would be required to perform at an average level. The 
catcher and pitcher positions are not part of the spectrum, but have 
been accounted for by DataIn since all players must have a rating for 
each of the 9 positions.

Example: A shortstop with a rating of 50 at the SS position will likely 
have a higher rating at all other positions on the field, since all 
other positions are significantly less difficult to play, whereas a 
first baseman with average ability would be rated considerably less at 
all other positions.
The average value for any fielding ability is 50. The replacement value 
for the primary position is 50. If a player is not qualified at a 
position, the rating for that position will be severely reduced in the 
game.

PITCHING
Pitching Ratings:
HR - Hold runner rating. The ability of the pitcher to hold runners 
close to the base in order to help prevent stolen bases and extra base 
advances. The average value is 50. The replacement level for pitchers 
is 50 and is 0 for all position players.
EN - Endurance rating. A measure of a pitcher's physical endurance and 
ability to make long pitching appearances. The number of pitch points 
the player has is primarily determined by the endurance rating. The 
average value is 50. The replacement level for pitchers is 50 and is 0 
for all position players.

CO - Control rating. The amount of control a pitcher has over the 
location of his pitches. A high value indicates better control, a low 
value indicates less control. The average value is 50. The replacement 
level for pitchers is 50 and is 0 for all position players.
GF - Groundball/flyball modifier. Values above 50 indicate a tendency 
for the pitcher to induce batters to hit more groundballs than flyballs. 
The average value for this modifier is 50 and the replacement level is 
56.

Pitch Ratings:
Pitch ratings may be between 0 and 99. A higher rating indicates a 
greater command of the pitch as well as the ability to get maximum 
movement on breaking pitches. A lower pitch rating indicates that the 
pitcher can throw the pitch, but with lower effectiveness. A pitch 
rating of 0 indicates that the player cannot throw that particular type 
of pitch in a game. If a player takes the mound with 0 ratings for all 
pitch types, Baseball Pro '98 will allow the pitcher to throw a 0 rated 
fastball.

Pitch Points Used - The total number of points that DataIn calculates 
the pitcher will have available to distribute to his various pitches, as 
well as the current number of pitch points assigned to the various 
pitches.
Override? - If override is selected, you can assign more points to the 
player's pitch ratings than he is calculated to have available.
FB - Fastball rating. The fastball travels at a higher velocity and with 
less movement than a pitcher’s other pitches. The velocity of the 
fastball is based on the pitcher’s arm strength [AS]. 

CB - Curveball rating. A curveball breaks down and away from a batter 
of the same "handedness."
SI - Sinker rating. The "sinker" class of pitches actually includes the 
split-finger fastball, forkball, and spitball, all of which break 
sharply downward at the plate.
SL - Slider rating. The slider has more of a horizontal than vertical 
break, going away from same handed batters.
CU - Change-up rating. The change-up looks like a fastball but travels 
about 15 mph slower, relying on upsetting the batter's timing rather 
than location.

SC - Screwball rating. The screwball is basically a reverse curveball, 
breaking down and in to same handed batters.
KN - Knuckleball rating. The perfect knuckleball is thrown so that it 
rotates only once around the seams on it's way to the plate. As the air 
hits the seams, the resistance changes so that the ball darts back and 
forth and up and down in an unpredictable fashion. The knuckler is the 
hardest pitch to throw, control, hit and catch.
Pitching Situational Modifiers:

The pitching situationals act as a modifier to the batter's CH and PH 
ratings. A value above 50 indicates an increased ability for the 
pitcher (and thus a decreased ability for the batter) in the specified 
situation.
vs LH - The ability of the pitcher to get left-handed batters out. The 
replacement value for right-handed pitchers is 48 and for left-handers 
is 54.
Home - The ability of the pitcher to perform better at home or on the 
road. The replacement value is 51.

Scoring Pos - The ability of a pitcher to "bear down" and get hitters 
out when there are runners in scoring position (on 2nd and/or 3rd). The 
replacement value is 48. The higher the value the more able the pitcher 
is to work out of these situations.
Close/Late - The ability of the pitcher to perform well in Close & Late 
situations. A Close & Late situation is defined by Stats, Inc. as a 
situation in which the game is in the 7th inning or later and the team 
at bat is either leading by one run, tied, or has the potential tying 
run on base, at bat, or on deck. The replacement level for this 
modifier is 47. The higher the value the more able the pitcher is to 
work out of these situations.

Apr - The ability of the pitcher to perform well in the month of April. 
The replacement value is 49.
May - the ability of the pitcher to perform well in the month of May. 
The replacement value is 49.
Jun - The ability of the pitcher to perform well in the month of June. 
The replacement level is 50.
Jul - The ability of the pitcher to perform well in the month of July. 
The replacement level is 49.
Aug - The ability of the pitcher to perform well in the month of August. 
The replacement level is 50.

Sep/Oct - The ability of the pitcher to perform well in the months of 
September and October. The replacement value is 50.